Bab 1, iaitu bab bahagian pendahuluan atuapun
kadang-kadang pelajar tulis sebagai bab pengenalan. Boleh sahaja. Yang mana
satu pun boleh. Nak letak pendahaluan pun boleh, nak letak pengenalan pun
boleh. Jadi bab ini, kalau kita tengok dalam buku ini, kita ada banyak
subtopik, ya. Subtopik kita pengenalan. Pengenalan sama dengan semua
bab, iaitu kita memperkenalkan apa yang ada dalam bab tersebut. Dengan latar
belakang, permasalahan kajian, persoalan, objektif, kepentingan, batasan,
definisi operational, organisasi kajian dan kesimpulan. Okay. Jadi kita seperti
biasa, kita akan masuk 1.1; Pengenalan. Jadi dalam bahagian pengenalan ini, kita
akan memperkenalkan apa yang ada dalam bab ini. Tapi kadang-kadang, saya dapati
pelajar tulis pengenalan ini dalam lebih kurang dua hingga 3 halaman, macam
itu. Tapi, nama pun pengenalan.
Pengenalan kalau kita letak panjang lebar akan jadi latar belakang. Kadang-kadang
pengisian dalam pengenalan itu, kita dapati adalah seperti sorotan kajian. Dia
letak pula kajian di situ. Jadi itu, kita kena pastikan ya, kita cuma nak
memperkenalkan, mungkin kita kenalkan apa keseluruhan tesis tersebut. Serupa
juga macam kita buat bab 5: penutup. Kita hendak tutup seluruh tesis. Jadi
pengenalan kita hendak memperkenalkan apa yang tentang kajian dalam tesis ini, ya.
Jadi misalannya awak tidak mahu buat begitu, awak boleh buat pengenalan dalam
satu perenggan pun tidak mengapa. Apa yang ada dalam bab pengenalan, bab 1 ini
sahaja. Jadi terpulang kepada pelajar, ya. Tapi pastikan tidak seperti sorotan
kajian, dan tidak seperti latar belakang. Kerana kita ada subtopik; latar
belakang. Jadi dalam latar belakang ini sebenarnya, kalau kita lihat seperti
sejarah, ataupun, kita hendak memperkenalkan, kita hendak buat kajian tentang Instagram,
jadi maksudnya kita letaklah, bilakah Instagram bermula, siapa
memperkenalkannya, letak tahun. Kemudian datang Malaysia bila, bagaimana bentuk
Instagram ...semua ada dalam ini. ciri2 Instagram. semua ada dalam ini, tetapi
mesti ada rujukan. Nama pun latar
belakang, nama pun sejarah, perlulah ada rujukan. Kalau tiada rujukan tidak
boleh lah. Janganlah awak kata menurut...tiada menurut pun. Dia buat sahaja sampai,
3-4 halaman langsung tiada rujukan. Seolah-olah dia yang buat latar belakang
itu. Itu salah!. Maknanya setiap perenggan yang dihuraikan dalam latar belakang
perlu ada rujukan. Jadi kalau hendak letakkan bila bermulanya Instagram, siapa
mulakan nya....dia tak letak pula tahun bila…dan di ambil dari laman web yang mana…jadi
kena ada rujukan. pentingnya latar belakang. Jadi latar belakang ini
menunjukkan …kalau kita sebagai pemeriksa baca..kita lihat bahawa ..“okay
tentang latar belakang twitter, contohnya macam ni, macam ni“ . Datang ke
Malaysia, ini..apa kandungan di twitter?, apa ciri-ciri dia?, apa semua itu,
barulah saya sebagai pemeriksa faham...“Oh kajian nya begini. Oh kajian yang hendak
di buat begitu…jadi masukkan dalam latar belakang…tetapi ingat...bahawa latar belakang
ini bukan sorotan kajian. Jangnalah awak masuk menurut Normaliza Ibrahim (2019)…,Twitter
ini menjalankan kajian tentang..blablabla. Itu dah serupa sorotan kajian. Jadi
hati-hati. Jadi dalam latar belakang kita boleh letak lebih kurang...kita boleh
letaklah dalam 2 hingga 3 halaman. Kalau lebih...ada pelajar letak latar belakang
sampai 10-20 halaman. Itu tidak boleh...itu sudah jadi...baiklah jadi buku
sejarah...ya...tidak perlu..kita perlu latar belakang yang serba
ringkas...supaya pemeriksa faham..yang saya katakan...pemeriksa kata..“Oh pelajar
hendak buat latar belakang kajian begini rupanya..begitu rupanya“.Jadi ini
amatlah penting.Jadi, pastikan ada rujukan. Dalam latar belakang ini tidak
perlulah kita kata lima tahun kebelakang...sebab namanya pun sejarah...kalau sejarah, maknnya sudah bertahun
lama-lama. Maknanya latar belakang ini tidaklah terhad. Rujukan 5 tahun kebelakang.
Jadi rujukan ini bila-bilalah. Tentang bila ditubuhkan itu tiada masalah. Boleh
letak dalam latar belakang. Tetapi pastikan ia …daripada..contohnya dia buat tentang
Twitter itu tadi. Latar belakang Twitter itu tadi…kemudian pastikan awak
menjurus kepad akhirnya….kepada kajian awak ini. Jadi mula-mula cara meluas, kemudian
meluas…tentang siapa mulakan, apa semua…kemudian menjurus-mejurus….akhirnya
hampir kepada kita punya kajian. Itulah namanya latar belakang kajian. Mestilah
berkaitan dengan kajian kita, ya.
TERJEMAHAN INGGERIS
Chapter
1, that is, a section of introduction or sometimes students write as an
introductory section. That’s fine. Which ever is fine. Either write it as
introduction, or intro, that’s fine. So in this chapter, if we look into this
book, we have a lot of subtopics, alright. Our subtopic; introduction. Same
goes to the other chapter, which that we introduce what was in that chapter.
That’s include the background, problem statement, research question, objective,
the significant of the study, limitation, operational definition, organisation,
and conclusion. Okay. So as usual, we start with 1.1; Introduction. So in the
introduction, we introduce what was in this chapter. But sometimes, I find that
students wrote the introduction for about 2-3 pages long, something like that.
But….it is after all and introduction. If we write it to long, it will be the
background of the study. You put in the study in there. So, we must make
sure..alright.. we only just introduce…like we tell what was the whole study
was. So, in put introduction we explain what study in this paper, alright. So,
if you don’t want to do so, you could simply write it in one paragraph..that’s
is also fine. What was in the introduction, in chapter 1, that’s all. So, it is
up to the students, alright. But make sure it is nothing like what in the
previous studies, or background. Because we have subtopic, the background of
the study. In fact what was in the
background, for example the history, or, we want to introduce, we actually want
to study about Instagram, therefore, we can put, when did Instagram started?
Who introduce it? State the year. And then, when did it came to Malaysia, how
does it look like?...all that in here. The characteristics, all here, but it
must have reference. That is why it is called the background of the study, or
history,…It must have reference. If there isn’t, that is not allowed. You can’t
say according…actually there isn’t. They just do it until, 3-4 pages,
completely without reference! As if they’re the one who made it. That is wrong!
That means every paragraph that explained in the background must have
reference. So if you want to write, when
Instagram started, who started it.... they didn't state what year actually...
and from which website ... so you must have references. That is how importance
the background is. So this background shows ... if we , as inspector read it..
we can see .." okay it is about the
background of Twitter, for example this and this" . Came to Malaysia,
this.. What was the content on twitter, what are the features? All that, me as the inspector will
finally understand..."Oh so that
was the study all about. Oh, that’s how the study was conducted... so put it in
the background... but remember... that this is the background,it is not a
highlight of the study. Don’t simply write ..according to Normaliza Ibrahim
(2019)...,This Twitter conducts a study of.. yada yada . That is just the same
as the previous studies. So be careful. So, in the background we can put more
or less... we can write it for about 2
to 3 pages long. If it's more... there are actually students wrote the backgrounds up to 10-20 pages. You can’t..
that will be...that is more likely as in the history section... Alright?...
there is no need.. we need it simple manner... so that the examiner will
understands.. I will say…the examiner
would say."" Oh, this student want to do the background of this study
of this.. of that". So this is very important. So, make sure there are
references. In this background there is no need for us to state from five years
backwards... that is why it is called history.. if it is a history, it would
have been from a long time ago. That means, there is no limit. Reference from 5
years back. So it could be any time. Like when it was established, no problem.
You may put it in the background. But make sure it is... from.. for example,
the one who wrote about the Twitter earlier. The background of Twitter that
spoke earlier... then make sure you are going towards what was eventually....about your study. So at first
it is in general, and then ... about who started, anything of that sort... then
....finally it brings us to our study.
That is what we called background of the study. It is must related to out
study. Alright?
RUJUKAN:
Normaliza Abd Rahim (2019). Jom Tulis Tesis. Selangor: Penerbit UPM.
Berikut adalah bukti kehadiran Minggu 11
